Objectives: This study aimed to develop and optimize chamomile extract pastilles as a potential therapeutic option for Oral ulcer treatment, focusing on masking chamomile’s bitterness, ensuring stability, and achieving controlled release of active constituents to enhance patient compliance. Materials: Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L. ) extract was prepared via percolation using 80% ethanol. Pastilles were formulated with gelatin, xylitol, aspartame, citric acid, and flavoring agents (eucalyptus, lemon, raspberry, cola). Physical properties (smoothness, elasticity, color), sensory acceptability (rated by 10 volunteers), quercetin content (UV-Vis spectrophotometry), and dissolution profiles (in artificial saliva, pH 6. 8) were assessed. Sensory scores were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc tests (p < 0. 05). Results: Formulations J1 and J2, incorporating citric acid, exhibited significantly higher sensory scores (p < 0. 0001) than G1–G3, effectively masking bitterness. Quercetin content indicated 85–89% loading efficiency across formulations. Dissolution tests showed controlled release of chamomile extract from J2 pastilles compared to pure extract, with stable release over 60 minutes. Physical assessments confirmed smooth, cohesive pastilles with favorable elasticity. Conclusion: Chamomile extract pastilles represent a promising formulation with potential for Oral ulcer treatment, offering improved palatability and controlled release. Their natural composition and high acceptability suggest potential for pediatric and adult use, warranting further clinical trials to validate efficacy and long-term stability.

Statement of the Problem: When the body defense is compromised, wounds can act as a route for entrance and colonization of microorganisms in the body. Photodynamic therapy with methylene blue is known as a promising antimicrobial modality.Purpose: The present study aimed to investigate the effects of this procedure on wound healing processes.Materials and Method: In this experimental study, 48 male Wistar rats were recruited.Experimental wounds were surgically made on their buccal mucosa. Based on the treatment modality, they were divided into 3 groups (n=16) of control (CG), laser (LG), photosensitizer+laser (PLG) by methylene blue (MB). The treatment procedure in the two latter groups was done in days 1-4 and 6-9. After sacrificing on 2, 4, 7 and 14-day follow-ups, the microscopic grade of healing of the wounds was assigned on each interval according to histological grading criteria.Results: A qualitative result was obtained that showed a healing progression in PLG at day 2 of follow-up. At day 4 of follow-up, no difference was seen in healing stage among the groups. However on day 7 of follow-up, samples of the LG showed a lower degree of healing compared with the other two groups. Likewise, on day 14 of followup, both PLG and LG showed lower degree of healing than CG.Conclusion: This study qualitatively showed that MB- mediated photodynamic therapy would have an inhibitory effect on healing process after 14 days of the wound creation.

Oral hemangioma is a rare benign vascular tumor. It may occur on lips, tongue, buccal mucosa, and palate. Hemangioma is a congenital hamartoma and its clinical presentations and patients’ history aid in its diagnosis. Histopathologically, hemangioma shows flatted endothelial cells and small capillary size space. In this report, we will describe a rare presentation of Oral hemangioma as an asymptomatic tongue ulcer in a 32-year-old woman. The clinical presentation, differential diagnosis, and management will also be described in detail.

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is the most common human metabolic disease and chronic non healing diabetic foot ulcers are a critical complication for these patients. ANGIPARS is a new herbal extract which has been introduced to accelerate healing of these ulcers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of Oral ANGIPARS in patients with chronic diabetic foot ulcers and also its effect on inflammatory blood markers.Materials and Methods: In a double-blind placebo-controlled trial, 40 patients with diabetic foot ulcers of at least 4 weeks duration were randomized to receive either Oral ANGIPARS, or placebo twice a day, until the ulcer was completely healed or for a maximum of 6 weeks and followed up to 12 weeks. Standard foot ulcer care was given to all patients. The healing process was assessed with measuring ulcer surface area and time needed to achieve complete wound healing. Drug safety was assessed by monitoring adverse events, using clinical and laboratory evaluations.Results: In both groups, wound surface area decreased significantly (p<0.0005). Mean improvement ratio was 95. 8% in the ANGIPARS group and 79. 2% in the placebo group, although mean percent of wound area reduction in the former group was higher than in the placebo group at weekly assessments, this difference was not statistically significant (p=0.25) except for at the 4th week. (84.2% vs. 56%, p=0.013) Ultimately, complete wound healing was achieved in 90% and 70% of ANGIPARS group and placebo group, respectively, after 12 weeks. Time to achieve complete wound healing, also, was not different significantly in either groups. (6.2 vs. 7.4 weeks, p=0.3) Significant reduction in ESR was seen in the ANGIPARS group. (p=0.04) There was no significant change in laboratory parameters. Two complications most likely attributable to ANGIPARS reported were worsening of proliferative diabetic retinopathy in one patient and acute renal failure and acute hepatitis in another patient with diabetic nephropathy.Conclusion: Although ANGIPARS enhanced wound healing at least within weeks 2 to 4 of treatment, we did not observe a significant effect in the outcome. Therefore, standard foot ulcer care seems to be the cornerstone of diabetic foot ulcer management and ANGIPARS should probably be reserved for treatment of the non-healing or difficult-to-heal ulcers that do not respond to standard treatments. Further studies are required to assess the efficacy of this new herbal extract.

ulcers are one of the most common lesions in the Oral cavity and are caused by injuries to the Oral mucosa for different reasons. These ulcers are clinically characterized by the loss of the whole thickness of the epithelium and the denuding of the underlying lamina propria in the presence of a white/yellow layer called the fibrinoleukocytic layer and are usually accompanied by pain. Due to the wide array of etiologic agents for Oral ulcers, pinpointing the etiologic agent can be highly challenging, and the availability of a good diagnostic guide assists in the diagnosis and selection of proper treatment modalities because a fast and accurate diagnosis of some ulcers (e.g., the early stages of squamous cell carcinoma) is crucial for the early initiation of treatment. The present study attempts to present a proper and comprehensive diagnostic guide to facilitate the classification and diagnosis of different Oral ulcers.